The Digital Of Digital Privacy - 1380 Words

The term digital privacy can be defined as or explain as by using digital means protecting information of private citizens or business, In these days when people try to explain what is digital privacy mostly they refer to usage of internet or relate with it. This is the technology era, digital privacy is being discussed in related areas, and addressing related issues according in right direction drive towards solution and help to secure more data. Digital privacy focuses and depends on the medium that is used by individuals and business, for example number of internet users do not have any idea that their activities and information about them regularly being stored. Through computer internet protocol, (IP) user’s activities and database can be accessed and monitored and information like search and view website history with date and time saved be search engines or servers. In this age, we can experience instant and dramatic changes and improvements in communication technology and digitalisation, to get require information become lot easier than before but also on the other hand to access information and breach of privacy is also being witness and sometimes technology help to expose abuses. Current Situation of Digital privacy For Business Now a days there is competition among the business and it is not easy to stay remain profitable or maintaining it. Business plans without risk management strategies can Leeds towards disaster and information security and digital privacyShow MoreRelatedPrivacy Of The Digital Age Essay1082 Words   |  5 PagesGursimran Singh 100328915 Blair Hemstock Eng. 1100 November 24, 2016 Privacy in Digital Age The digital age provides individuals with numerous ways of innovative opportunities like recording data in an effective manner, electronic banking, online shopping, by violating privacy. Despite what might be expected, the national and global security framework needs components to check programmers and outsider interceptors, who can access delicate data and information, placed in various divisions of theRead MorePrivacy Risks in the Digital Age1271 Words   |  6 PagesPrivacy in Digital Age The Risk of Digital Age Indeed, the Digital age has been considered as one of the greatest development of the world today. It has brought different benefits to the lives of people and catered all their needs and wants. As the world gets into crave for things that are â€Å"quick and easy†, the Digital Age had posed threat to people’s privacy and security (Meeks, 2000). The advancement in new technologies and gadgets should not only be considered as something good that came intoRead More Privacy in a Digital World Essay844 Words   |  4 PagesPrivacy in a Digital World The history of privacy in the United States is a storied one. The context of the 4 th Amendment to the Constitution has been debated for years to determine if the â€Å"right to privacy† is a constitutionally guaranteed right. Additionally, many people are technologically ignorant of what behaviors and activities will put them at risk. The â€Å"Carnivore† is a good example of an historic digital technology that generated privacy concerns. The Carnivore was a digital intelligenceRead More‘Privacy and a Digital Bill of Rights?’1098 Words   |  5 PagesThe world as we know is moving towards a more digital life style, where nearly everything that we own has some sort of electronic component built in it and is able to connect to the Internet. Users are able to browse the web, shop online for their favourite items from stores around the world and post a status update from any of their devices anywhere any time twenty-four hours, seven days a week. On an estimate in just 60 seconds we transmit nearly 640 terabytes of IP data. A major contributor toRead MoreThe Lack of Digital Privacy Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pages With everyone joining the online world your privacy is at even greater risk then ever before. The internet has become part of our everyday lives, from social networking to online transactions. Your privacy is threatened every day. However is our privacy threatened by our own government? According to the pew research data 56% of Americans say that it is acceptable for the NSA to run through millions of Americans phone records in order to prevent terrorism. (Pew Research Center) Many peopleRead MoreIs Privacy Possible in the Digital Age?1609 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy and security (Initial  essay) Introduction When I think back one of firsts times I thought knowingly about privacy and security in my life at category of every data being stored and maybe later analyzed it was back my previous student days when one of my friend refused to pay with bank card in Alco-store. At that time it seemed to me really paranoiac and weird, but now I get his idea behind it. If one is a gambler for instance, it really isn’t very smart to pay with credit card in gambling-denRead MoreDigital Privacy Concerns Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pages Digital privacy concerns, which have been a major issue in our country since 2001, increasingly violate our basic human rights as global citizens. The growing amount of government surveillance has manifested in the enactment of acts such as SOPA and CISPA. Although their intent on stopping digital piracy and attacks were clear, both were immediately met with harsh criticism; they allowed big corporations to violate our privacy rights by sharing our personal inform ation with both other companiesRead MoreNational Security Vs. Digital Privacy1735 Words   |  7 Pagescountry. Such alterations should be made because it prevents crime in a timely, reliable, and successful manner, whilst preserving the fundamental rights of all United States Citizens. In light of the controversy over national security versus digital privacy, the government should partake in international surveillance because it inhibits potential crime and terrorism, it is quick, it is dependable, and it has been proven to be successful through past endeavors. To begin, in order to intercept terrorismRead MoreInvasion Of Citizens Privacy On Digital Data1620 Words   |  7 PagesInvasion of Citizens’ Privacy on Digital Data In today’s world, people tend to run the majority of their daily errands through the internet. It is very easy, convenient, and it saves a lot of time. In one hour someone can make a deposit into his personal bank account, order a medical prescription, pay bills, apply for a loan, get some shopping, and more. All it takes for a customer to be able to do this is having an account with each of these company’s websites. Creating an account is usually a veryRead MoreThe Value Of Digital Privacy In An Information Technology Age1799 Words   |  7 PagesThe Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age Introduction Individual citizens rights to digital privacy continue to be to challenged by the increasing need for national security one the one hand, and the increasing digital vigilance many companies are putting into place to protect themselves while learning more about their customers. These factors are a volatile catalyst that continues to change the ethical, legal and personal landscape rights of digital privacy in the information

Essay on John Trumbull, Thomas Jefferson, and Horace Mann

Introduction The 1800s to 1820s, America was still in its growing phase; it had gained independence only 25 years prior and was already becoming a great nation filled with proud, hard working men. Arts, architecture, business, and books were all a large part of society. Eighty percent of the population was farmers and the import of slaves to America was banned. Thomas Jefferson and James Madison had each been elected as President, in a government that was beginning to build a nation. â€Å"During this decade we were once again at war with England, in the War of 1812† (Sutton, 2008). Colleges were for the privileged, â€Å"The cost of education at Harvard was $300 a year† (Sutton, 2008). Slavery was still ramped in America and women had no†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"As the silent member of the Congress, Jefferson, at 33, drafted the Declaration of Independence† (Freidel, 2006). Jefferson believed in the Constitution and as Senator of the state of Virginia , abided by it. The words of The Declaration of Independence written by Jefferson remain part of the verbiage today, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights; that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness (Biography.com, 2014). Jefferson continued his political career. He â€Å"succeeded Benjamin Franklin as minister to France in 1785† (Freidel, 2006). He traveled to France for five years, where he learned to appreciate the French culture, though he was considered to be uncultured. â€Å"Jefferson gradually assumed leadership of the Republicans, who sympathized with the revolutionary cause in France† (Freidel, 2006). This caused a rift between the Republicans and the Democrats. â€Å"As a reluctant candidate for President in 1796, Jefferson came within three votes of election† (Freidel, 2006). According to the Constitution, this made Jefferso n the Vice President. In 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in the running for President but the House of Representatives voted Jefferson in, witch made Burr his Vice

The Tradition of Writing free essay sample

It was not until I went to Bogota, Colombia, that I realized I came from a family of writers. My grandfather had written many articles about the tense political situation in Colombia, and was currently working on a memoir. Before him came his aunt and cousin, the novelists. The excitement on his face was both encouraging and heartening when I said I wanted to be a writer. The tradition that started generations ago would be passed on. I was unaware of my heritage three years before, when writing my novel transformed my life. Much of my free time in those three years was devoted to researching, writing, and revising my manuscript. I spent days glued to my computer typing paragraph after paragraph, page after page, finally finishing my 750-page novel. Just as my ancestors did, I immersed myself in the culture of the world, learning about each topic. The research for my novel led me to gather interesting and exciting information I never would have learned otherwise, from the history of the Roman Empire to the Bose-Einstein condensates to the best bakeries in Paris. We will write a custom essay sample on The Tradition of Writing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The literary members of my family understood, as I have begun to, that learning is just as important as the writing itself. I have discovered that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Since I come from a diverse background, I identify myself as unique and multifaceted. I look forward to studying in a metropolitan area because it will expose me to different backgrounds, socioeconomic statuses, and cultures that will widen my experience. Studying creative writing at college has been my passion since I discovered my enthusiasm and determination to write. It was hard work to finish my novel, but I enjoyed the process and what it gave me. That it also provided me with a link to my past is incredibly important to me. The legacy that my family created over the generations is remarkable and something that I hope to continue in college and throughout my lifetime.

Tennis Made Easy Essay Example For Students

Tennis Made Easy Essay When surfing the Internet, eventually winding up at tennis4you.com, I found something called the Lesson Lounge which has instructional articles on the game of tennis. My particular article discusses a very crucial part of the game, and also a difficult one, the first serve. The reason this drew my attention is because this is a major weakness in my already pathetic tennis repertoire. By reading the article, I hoped to find strategy to learn from, and eventually, with practice, to improve from. In the article, they explain how the first serve can become someones biggest weapon making someone elses worst nightmare! That, not only can one use a power serve or a placement serve to attack their opponents, but that working out is not even necessary to do so. The tennis serve can have significantly more power by using legs, shoulder rotation, and stomach muscles during ones motion. They stress that since you have two serves, it is crucial to take a chance and make sure your first serve is N OT easily attackable. From here, they lead into more complicated serving techniques that involve the type of hit- such as the flat, slice, kick, and topspin serves. Although I am not good enough to test them out, through time, they could certainly help someone with an interest in tennis who is willing to practice. After establishing the four types, the writer goes more in depth to differences between power and non-power serves. With power serves, they emphasize the importance of rhythm, significance of keeping your opponent guessing and lastly, the need to hit it in bounds. They continue to say that, obviously, no matter how hard your serve is, it is useless if it cannot land in bounds. As far as non-power serves, they speak of smaller players and how technique and mechanisms such as spin. Another main point here is that one must serve deep into the service box. From the article, I have been able to develop a much stronger sense of how to serve well. Additionally, although it cannot relate to this years experiences (since weve only had one day) it could help me judge, more specifically, how and where more knowledgeable tennis players may try to serve the ball. Essentially, it took a minimal and rather pathetic foundation of tennis wisdom and expanded it in a way that could elicit a future improvement on the court. We will write a custom essay on Tennis Made Easy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Womens Roles in America in the Early 1800s

Women's Roles in America in the Early 1800s In the early 19th century in America, women had different experiences of life depending on what groups they were part of. A dominant ideology at the beginning of the 1800s was called Republican Motherhood: middle and upper-class white women were expected to be the educators of the young to be good citizens of the new country.   The other dominant ideology about gender roles that was common in the first half of the 1800s in white upper and middle-class circles was that of separate spheres: women were to rule the domestic sphere (home and raising children) and men the public sphere (business, trade, government). This ideology would have, if followed consistently, meant that women were not part of the public sphere at all. But there were a variety of ways that women did take part in public life. Biblical injunctions against women speaking in public discouraged many from that role, but some women became public speakers anyway. The end of the first half of the 19th century was marked by several woman’s rights conventions: in  1848, then again in 1850.  The Declaration of Sentiments of 1848 describes clearly the limits placed on women in public life before that time. African American Women and Native American Women Women of African descent who were enslaved had no real public life. They were considered property and could be sold and raped with impunity by those who, under the law, owned them.  Few participated in public life, though some came to public view. Many were not even recorded with a name in the records of the enslavers. A few participated in the public sphere as preachers, teachers, and writers. Sally Hemings, enslaved by Thomas Jefferson and was almost certainly his wife’s half-sister, was the mother of children most scholars accept Jefferson fathered. Hemings came to public view as part of an attempt by a political enemy of Jefferson to create a public scandal. Jefferson and Hemings themselves never publicly acknowledged the relationship, and Hemings didn’t participate in public life other than having her identity used. Sojourner Truth, who was emancipated from slavery by New York’s law in 1827, was an itinerant preacher. At the very end of the first half of the 19th century, she became known as a circuit speaker and even spoke on women’s suffrage just after the first half of the century.  Harriet Tubman’s first trip freeing herself and others was in 1849. Some African American women became teachers. Schools were often segregated by sex as well as race. As one example, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper was a teacher in the 1840s, and also published a book of poetry in 1845.  In other free black communities in northern states, other African American women were able to be teachers, writers, and active in their churches.  Maria Stewart, part of Boston’s free black community, became active as a lecturer in the 1830s, though she only gave two public lectures before she retired from that public role.  Sarah Mapps Douglass in Philadelphia not only taught but founded a Female Literary Society for other African American women, aimed at self-improvement. Native American women in some nations had major roles in making decisions of the community.  But because this didn’t fit the dominant white ideology that was guiding those who were writing history, most of these women are unnamed in history.  Sacagawea is known because she was a guide for a major exploratory project, her language skills needed for the success of the expedition. White Women Writers One area of public life assumed by a few women was the role of a writer. Sometimes (as with the Bronte sisters in England), they would write under male pseudonyms and sometimes under ambiguous pseudonyms.  Margaret Fuller not only wrote under her own name, but she also published a book on Women of the Nineteenth Century before her untimely death in 1850.  She had also hosted famous conversations among women to further their â€Å"self-culture.† Elizabeth Palmer Peabody ran a bookstore that was a favorite gathering place for the Transcendentalist circle.   Women’s Education In order to fulfill the aims of Republican Motherhood, some women gained access to more education so- at first- they could be better teachers of their sons, as future public citizens, and of their daughters, as future educators of another generation. So one public role for women was as teachers, including founding schools.  Catherine Beecher and Mary Lyon are among notable women educators. The first African American woman to graduate from college did so in 1850. Elizabeth Blackwell’s graduation in 1849 as the first woman physician in the United States shows the change that would end the first half and begin the second half of the century, with new opportunities gradually opening for women. Women Social Reformers Lucretia Mott, Sarah Grimkà ©, Angelina Grimkà ©, Lydia Maria Child, Mary Livermore, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and others became publicly active in the abolitionist movement. Their experience there, of being put in second place and sometimes denied the right to speak publicly or limited to speaking to women, helped lead some of these same women to work later for women’s emancipation from the â€Å"separate spheres† ideological role. Women at Work Betsy Ross may not have made the first United States flag, as legend credits her, but she was a professional flagmaker at the end of the 18th century. She continued her work through several marriages as a seamstress and businesswoman. Many other women worked in various jobs, sometimes alongside husbands or fathers, and sometimes, especially if widowed, on their own. The sewing machine was introduced into factories in the 1830s. Before that, most sewing was done by hand at home or in small businesses. With the introduction of machines for weaving and sewing fabric, young women, especially in farm families,  began to spend a few years before marriage working in the new industrial mills, including the Lowell Mill in Massachusetts. The Lowell Mill also channeled some young women into literary pursuits and saw what was probably the first women’s labor union in the United States. Setting New Standards Sarah Josepha Hale  had to go to work to support herself and her children when she was widowed. In 1828, she became the editor of a magazine that later evolved into Godeys Ladys Magazine, and was billed as  the first magazine edited by a woman for women ... either in the Old World or the New.  Ironically, perhaps, it was Godeys Ladys Magazine that promoted the ideal of women in the domestic sphere and helped establish a middle and upper-class standard for how women should carry out their home life. Conclusion Despite a general ideology that the public sphere should be exclusively male, some notable women did participate in public affairs.  While women were prohibited from some public jobs- such as being a lawyer- and were rarely accepted in many others, the women of the early 1800s had public roles. Some women worked (enslaved, as factory workers, at home and small businesses), some women wrote, and some were activists.

Requisitos y medidas foto visa EE.UU. y cómo subirla

Requisitos y medidas foto visa EE.UU. y cà ³mo subirla Las fotos para las visas no inmigrantes, visas de inmigrantes y para participar en el sorteo de la loterà ­a de visas de diversidad de EE.UU. deben cumplir requisitos sobre cà ³mo debe lucir en ellas el fotografiado y medidas. Adems, en los casos en los que es necesario subir la foto al formulario de solicitud del visado, la imagen debe cumplir con los parmetros de peso, dimensiones y formato. Antes de seguir con este artà ­culo cabe destacar que no todos los solicitantes de visa para Estados Unidos necesitan sacar una foto y subirla al formulario de solicitud de la misma o llevarla en formato papel al consulado el dà ­a de la entrevista. Y es que en los casos de solicitarla en un consulado con Centro de Apoyo como CAS o ACS como sucede, por ejemplo, al solicitar la visa de turista en Argentina, Mà ©xico o Repà ºblica Dominicana, las fotos se toman en dichos centros junto con otros datos biomà ©tricos como las huellas digitales. Por lo tanto, toda la informacià ³n de este artà ­culo solamente aplica en los casos en los que las fotos no deban ser tomadas en un Centro de Apoyo. En el mismo se explican los requisitos de foto y fotografiado, tamaà ±o, peso y formato de las fotos digitales, cà ³mo saber si cumplen con los parmetros, cà ³mo modificarlos si fuera necesario y cà ³mo subir con à ©xito la foto al formulario de solicitud de la visa. Finalmente, cules son las caracterà ­sticas de las fotos en papel. Requisitos de las fotos para las visas americanas Las imgenes deben cumplir los siguientes requisitos: en color, con fondo blanco o blanco roto (off-white). La persona fotografiada, que es la que solicita la visa, debe mirar de frente a la cmara y asegurarse de que la cabeza sale centrada en la fotografà ­a y completa, desde el pelo hasta la barbilla, que debe alcanzar unas medidas de entre una pulgada y 1 3/8 pulgadas (entre 25 y 35 mm). Ambos ojos deben salir abiertos y la altura de los ojos caer entre 1 1/8 y 1 3/8 pulgadas del fondo de la fotografà ­a ( entre 28 y 35 mm). Para asegurarse de que se cumplen las especificaciones es recomendable familiarizarse con ejemplos que cumplen estos requisitos. No puede vestirse ningà ºn tipo de uniforme, salvo el religioso como por ejemplo en el caso de sacerdotes y monjas. Tampoco se deben llevar gorros, sombreros, velos o cualquier otra prenda u objeto que dificulte la vista del pelo, salvo que su utilizacià ³n està © justificada por motivos religiosos. Si habitualmente se utilizan audà ­fonos no es necesario quitarlos para sacar la foto si se tiene la precaucià ³n de evitar que se produzcan reflejos en los cristales. Sin embargo, en la actualidad si se usa espejuelos o lentes es necesario quitarlos, salvo cuando no sea posible hacerlo por razones mà ©dicas. En ningà ºn caso la oficina consular aceptar como vlidas fotos de mala calidad o que son el producto de haber escaneado la foto de un I.D., como por ejemplo una licencia de manejar. Tampoco son vlidas aquà ©llas en las que la persona sale de cuerpo completo. Dà ³nde tomar las fotos para la visa americana Si se est en Estados Unidos, en cualquier negocio de fotografà ­a que saquen fotos para el pasaporte americano. Lo mismo puede decirse de otros paà ­ses. En este caso es imprescindible hablar con el fotà ³grafo y especificarle los requisitos de fondo blanco, tamaà ±o, mirada al frente, etc. Incluso, si reà ºnen los requisitos, es posible hacerlo con un telà ©fono mà ³vil o una webcam. En estos casos, asegurarse de cumplir todas las directrices mencionadas y que la foto tiene calidad suficiente. Si la foto debe subirse al formulario de solicitud de la visa y no est ya digitalizada puede escanearse con una resolucià ³n de 300 pixeles por pulgada (12 pixeles por milà ­metro). Se puede enviar por correo electrà ³nico para descargarla en la computadora en la que se va a realizar el trmite de solicitud de la visa. Medidas, peso y formato de las fotos digitales para la visa americana. En los casos en los que la foto debe subirse al formulario de solicitud de la visa aparece la expresià ³n Photo Upload en dicha planilla. En estos casos, la imagen debe tener las siguientes caracterà ­sticas Tener una dimensià ³n mà ­nima de 600 x 600 pixeles (ancho x largo)En color de 24 bits por pixelSà ³lo se admite el formato JPEG.Y el tamaà ±o del archivo ha de ser de 240 kb o menor. Si es necesario, puede comprimirse con una proporcià ³n de 20 a 1 o menor. Se puede verificar si la foto cumple con esos parmetros colocando el cursor sobre ella y clickando con el botà ³n derecho del ratà ³n. Se abre la ventana de propiedades y, en la etiqueta de General puede verificarse el tamaà ±o en KB. En la etiqueta de Detalle puede comprobarse el alto y ancho de la imagen. Si no cumpliese con los requisitos seà ±alados anteriormente, es posible cambiarlos utilizando un programa. Para hacerlo, si se tiene una computadora con el sistema operativo Windows colocar el cursor sobre la imagen, hacer click con el ratà ³n derecho y en Abrir con elegir Paint. Checar la Barra de Estatus y asà ­ es posible ver la informacià ³n de la foto en la parte inferior de la misma. A continuacià ³n, para ajustar la foto a los parmetros necesarios clickar en el icono de Seleccionar para cambiar el alto y ancho de la foto. Una vez que en la barra de estatus se obtienen los nà ºmeros que se buscan clickar en Guardar y elegir como formato JPEG y a continuacià ³n en Guardar como, dale un nombre y guardar. Si se tiene una computadora Mac puede utilizarse Paintbrush. En todos los casos pueden utilizarse otros programas informticos de manipulacià ³n de fotografà ­a. Cà ³mo subir la foto al formulario de solicitud de la visa Cuando se est llenando el formulario de solicitud de visa el momento para subir la foto es cuando se llega a Upload Image. Se debe clickar en ese botà ³n. A continuacià ³n aparecen las directrices ya mencionadas sobre peso, dimensiones y formato. Si alguno de los parmetros no es el exigido se va a obtener un mensaje de error y, si es el formato el equivocado, un mensaje de Only JPEG Images. La solucià ³n es modificar los parmetros como se explicà ³ en el apartado anterior. Una vez que se est seguro de que todo est correcto clickar a Browse y elegir la foto. Dar a OK y aparecer la foto. En ese momento se pueden ver dos botones: Upload Again y Confirm. Clickar en este à ºltimo y dar a OK y asà ­ se sube realmente la foto al formulario y ya se puede continuar con la aplicacià ³n. Fotos 5x5 para la visa americana En algunos consulados o para algunos tipos de visas el requisito es llevar una o dos fotos a la entrevista. En este caso deben cumplir con los requisitos de fondo blanco o blanco roto, no espejuelos, mirar de frente, etc. explicados con anterioridad. Adems, la foto debe: Estar impresa en papel de buena calidadTamaà ±o de 5x5, es decir, 5 cm de ancho por 5 cm de largo, o lo que es lo mismo: 2 pulgadas por 2 pulgadas (51 x 51 mm).Si se pide ms de una foto, todas deben ser idà ©nticas. Adems, si la foto se subià ³ digitalmente siguiendo los puntos que seà ±alaba el formulario de solicitud de la visa es prudente llevar una foto de estas caracterà ­sticas tambià ©n el dà ­a de la entrevista. Para re-asegurarse de que la foto est clara y no ha habido ningà ºn problema con el sistema. Puntos Clave: fotos para visa americana Las visas no inmigrante, las de inmigrante y la loterà ­a de visas de diversidad requieren una fotografà ­a o ms del solicitante. Dependiendo del tipo de visa y/o consulado, el solicitante puede tener que presentarse a un Centro de Atencià ³n donde le tomarn las huellas digitales y la foto antes de la entrevista en el consulado.Por el contrario, si debe subirla digitalmente al formulario de solicitud de la visa o presentarla en papel en el consulado, los requisitos son los siguientes:Requisitos de la foto: en color, fondo blanco o blanco roto. El fotografiado debe mirar a la cmara, con los ojos abiertos y sin gafas ni sombreros o gorras. La excepcià ³n son los velos religiosos, por ejemplo, los de las monjas.Parmetros digitales: formato JPGE, mximo 240kb y medidas de 600 pixeles de ancho por 600 pixeles de largo. Programas como Paint y Paintbrush permiten modificar los parmetros de las foto para ajustarlos a estos requisitos.Foto en papel: debe ser de buena calidad y tener un tam aà ±o de 5 cm de ancho por 5 cm de largo. Si deben presentarse dos fotos, ambas sern iguales.Dà ³nde sacar las fotos: pueden tomarse en cualquier fotà ³grafo que saque fotos para pasaporte, especificando las caracterà ­sticas que debe tener la foto. Posteriormente, si debe subirse digitalmente para subirla al formulario de solicitud de la visa, puede escanearse empleando una resolucià ³n de 300 pixeles por pulgada. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal de ningà ºn tipo.

Essay Interview Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interview - Essay Example Although my country also provides good educational opportunities, yet they cannot be compared to Canadian standard of education. I believe in high-end quality in education. I believe in seeking that kind of education and degree that is recognized worldwide. My own homeland also has many reputable universities that are recognized around the globe, but my dream was to seek education in Canada since I was a little child. I can find highly flexible learning opportunities in Canada. There is a wide variety of courses available there. Although I may sound like demeaning the education of my own homeland, but the truth is that I am a very patriotic person; yet, I cannot compromise on sensitive issues like education. I had to choose what was best for me, and therefore, I chose Canada. Among many other choices which I was considering about immigration for the purpose of education, I found Canada to be a country which provides protection to its citizens much more than any other country. We can call it a safe country. I feel comfortable in any part of the country without the threat of terrorism or violence. People are guaranteed protection even in bigger cities like Ottawa and Toronto. I do not feel as if I am being neglected because I am not in my own homeland. There is Canadian social help system which does not make me feel unaccompanied when I am facing difficulties settling down. There are a lot of government sponsored programs and courses that I can seek help from in my hard times. For example, if I lose my job, I shall be supported through a government funded program to back up my finances until I find a new job. Another important point that I considered was that Canada is one of the developed countries whose economical infrastructure is very strong. I can be sure to find a suitable paying job in this country. Most of the jobs are well

Ch (9) Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ch (9) Education - Assignment Example De Facto segregation is constitutional and comes as a result of some residential housing patterns being segregated from others. There is no de facto segregation of residences in San Antonio (Lesson 9). Title VI means that the law does not allow the use of national origin, race or color as a basis of discrimination or denial of benefits when it comes to federal programs. Title VII is a law created to eliminate discrimination of people at work based on their racial differences among others. It is a principle requirement or the 14th amendment in a constitution stating that if a citizen is not granted the life, liberty or property interests by the federal government, he or she has to get a notice and the chance to be heard (Lesson 9). The principle is more formal when it comes to the dismissal of teachers than in cases where the students get suspended. Exempt employees do not have FLSA protection, hence not entitled to get overtime payments (Walsh, Kemerer & Maniotis, 2010). Non-exempt employees have to get the minimum wage and payment for overtime if working 40 hours in a

Remember the Titans Review Essay Example for Free

Remember the Titans Review Essay The movie Remember the Titans is one of the most inspiring sports movies in recent memory.. This is due to the performances of Denzel Washington as well as others in the cast but   its success can also can be attributed to the fact that the story was based on real life events. As is the case with most movies, those that are based on fact, no matter how loosely, usually seem to add to the drama that mindless action movies which are big on special effects and small on acting and story. Remember the Titans is not one of those movies because the racial tensions that were associated with busing and school integration in the last 1960s’ and 1970’s was one of the divisive sources during that time. For a young, contemporary society, it may seem difficult to be able to successfully transplant oneself into that specific time and place and to wonder aloud, what the entire situation was all about. There were tensions that came from the mixing of the two teams, regardless of their color.   Many players at T.C. Williams were counting on a starting spot for the football team, only to have many of the positions challenged due to the integration of the school. Due to the fact that the school that is being meshed into T.C. Williams is a predominately African American school, with the setting of the story taking place in 1970 Virginia, only adds to the frustrations on the part of the athletes from both schools. This reality places a stress on the already fragile relationships that the white and black players as well as students have for each other. However, in the end, the story has a happy ending and the school not only successfully integrates, but has one of their most successful years on the football field.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the major sources of debate within Titans is the way in which Herman Boone receives the head coaching job at T.C. Williams.   The school has been integrated and the football team, a bastion of relief and excitement for the masses in Alexandria, Virginia. Within the movie, it is plainly seen that the majority of white students and their families are not in favor of the integration of the school. What is the source of even more resistance is the fact that Herman Boone, not because of his merit but simply because of his race, is being made head coach over the current coach, Bill Yoast who has had his share of awards given to him for his splendid coaching record in the past. The school board feels that this is the appropriate choice to make as they believe that it will help the town to ease into the idea. This is not ethically right or proper. There is not way of knowing exactly how well the team would have fared if the coaches were picked on their merit instead of on race, but it seems that as long as starting positions on the field were earned by the physical and mental merit of the players, so too should the coaches be made to honor the idea of creating a meritocracy as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is not acceptable and is seen as the central aspect of the movie, are the relationships between the players from both of the schools. At first, many of the players on both sides did not want to befriend their competition with regard to the specific starting position that they were hoping to earn but also their competition in society as well. It is the efforts of Julies and Bertier, the leaders of their respective former schools and therefore, is divided by racial lines, which help to make the transition from two separate teams into one a bit easier. The two characters are very forceful on the football field as it is required to remain successful but they are also equally as forceful with regard to the integration of their fellow teammates. Both are resistant to the experiment by once they get on board with the idea, the rest are sure to follow. This is the true sign of a leader but also of the team recognizing the fact that they need to come together as a team in order to win. Cohesiveness of a team is what every coach strives to achieve. The second source of calm and rational thinking in the face of a situation that many on the team might respond to with hatred and bigotry, comes from Coach Boone and Coach Yoast. Yoast will eventually see the bigger picture and swallow his own feelings of mistreatment and submit to the will of the school board and usually, to the will of coach Yoast. He had such a stellar coaching record because he knew how to win. The same can be said about Coach Boone as well. He does not like the situation in which he was picked to coach T.C. Williams but he resolves that this is not only good for his career in the long run, but for the cohesion of the entire community as the football team serves as the center of life in Alexandria, Virginia. In the special features, the real coaches are shown talking as old friends and there is nothing to suggest that is not the case in real life. But the relationship of the two coaches, as was the case with the players, was a contentious one. Race obviously played a central role in the actions of the T.C. Williams football team. People are a product of their environment and Alexandria, Virginia expressed loudly, their feelings about the forced integration of their school as well as the football players did the same. But Coach Boone and Yoast as well as the majority of football players on the team realized what it took to win.   All had enjoyed winning seasons before the integration of the school. Had the teams never enjoyed victory and never yearned for success within their daily lives, there might have been little hope for this experiment to have succeeded. Only those living there at that time can accurately describe what life was really like during those times but the ethical behavior of the majority of players as well as their recognition of what it takes to win in this life, eventually became the paramount reason as to why the team went on to have a successful season and racial strife within the team unity could only be seen as a speed bump if they wished to continue to win. WORKS CITED Bruckheimer, Jerry.   Remember the Titans. Buena Vista. 2000

The Trophy Husband :: essays research papers fc

The Trophy Husband Editha meets her fiancà © under rather boring and lackluster circumstances. She is seeking her knight in shining armor. She wants to experience the high of being in love. Upon meeting there was no magic or electricity in the air. Her fiancà ©, George Gearson was simply a male friend and in a moment that she could not take back, she had accepted his proposal of marriage. This woman, not satisfied with this relationship chooses to change it. Editha sets into motion a plan of action. This story by W.D. Howells illustrates the brainwashing techniques of an idealistic woman in her quest for the â€Å"trophy husband†. Throughout history men have lived and died for their religious beliefs. Wars have been and won and battles have been lost in the name of higher deities. Both men and women have taken up the sword in the name of a higher power. Specifically, in our country, the first English settlers sought to convert the heathen Indians and many Indians died in the process. From the Crusades to the recent tragedy in New York, strong and charismatic leaders have taken men and filled them with religious fervor. Editha attempts to convince George that recent events, a war has been declared, are part of God’s master plan. Editha assumes the role of the charismatic religious leader in her attempt to sway George. George has an antiwar mentality and Editha seeks to change this by bringing into question his loyalty to God. Editha continues to use her powers of persuasion. Editha tries to approach his manhood. She knows that a man will fight for what he believes in and if he will not fight for God then she is going to convince him to fight by appealing to his sense of patriotism. She tells George that the war has united the country. This war was being fought to free others from oppression just as this country once suffered from oppression at the hands of a faraway nation. She states that if a man loves his country then there is only one thing to do. It was his duty to fight for his country. Editha threatens George by bringing the status of their engagement into question. Before their discussion, Editha is very passionate towards George and she speaks to him in deep, throaty, sexy voice, â€Å"and uttered from deep in her throat, â€Å"How glorious!†Ã¢â‚¬Å" (258). George’s charm with Editha comes from her not being able to predict what he is thinking, but she is getting bored with his expected antiwar sentimentality.

Da Vinci Code Reaction paper

The movie intro led in a murder scene inside the Louvre museum and clues in Da Vinci paintings lead to the discovery of a religious mystery protected by a secret society for two thousand years which could shake the foundations of Christianity. The Novel itself received both positive and negative reviews from critics, and it has been the subject of negative appraisals concerning its portrayal of history. It’s writing and historical accuracy were reviewed negatively by â€Å"The New Yorker† When I first saw it in 2006 I was amazed how the movie made so much sense specially the scene where they talk about the secret of the Holy Grail.In the novel Leigh Teabing explains to Sophie Neveu that the figure at the right hand of Jesus in Leonardo da Vinci's painting of â€Å"The Last Supper† is not the apostle John, but actually Mary Magdalene. Leigh Teabing says that the absence of a chalice in Leonardo's painting means Leonardo knew that Mary Magdalene was the actual Holy Grail and the bearer of Jesus' blood. Leigh Teabing goes on to explain that this idea is supported by the shape of the letter â€Å"V† that is formed by the bodily positions of Jesus and Mary, as â€Å"V† is the symbol for the sacred feminine.The absence of the Apostle John in the painting is explained by knowing that John is also referred to as â€Å"the Disciple Jesus loved†, code for Mary Magdalene. The book also notes that the color scheme of their garments are inverted: Jesus wears a red tunic with royal blue cloak; Mary Magdalene wears the opposite. In my personal opinion as a believer of God, I think Dan Brown is a genius. The Da Vinci Code is one of the greatest stories ever told. The real draw for Brown’s novel is how his highly polemical basis†¦ that Christianity is not what it is purported to be, little more than an age-old instrument of oppression.

Fascism in Germany and Italy Essay

Many similarities exist between German fascism, or Nazism, and Italian fascism. For example, both fascist movements were brought into power after facing very similar problems. One of the major problems that both countries encountered was a post-war economy teeming with instability. Germany’s fragile economy was undermined by widespread unemployment, hyperinflation, and burdensome reparation payments, while Italy’s economy was just as delicate. In addition, the Great Depression brought both countries even further into economic collapse. Another problem that brought about fascism in the two countries was post-war peace settlements, especially the Versailles Treaty. While the Germans were exasperated by the exorbitant reparation payments forced upon them by the Allies, the Italians felt betrayed by the peace settlements for denying them the territory and status they deserved. Another problem that the two countries faced was their dissatisfaction with their existing governments. Many Germans were disgruntled with the Weimar Republic for signing the humiliating Treat of Versailles, while many Italians were apprehensive of the chaos within their parliamentary regime. Lastly, widespread fear of revolutionary upheaval and the expropriations of a Communism system also caused many Germans and Italians to identify with fascism. Both German fascism, led by Adolf Hitler and Italian fascism, led by Benito Mussolini exploited many economical and political difficulties within their nation in order to gain power. Hitler blamed Germany’s ruined economy on the Weimar Republic, Communists, and Jews, while Mussolini blamed large Socialist and Catholic parties for Italy’s economic struggles. They also gained the support of farmers, small businessmen, civil servants, and young people by advocating strict nationalistic goals and blaming their economic troubles on the Bolsheviks. Nevertheless, the most crucial components of securing political power was though institutionalized violence and the abolishment of all other political parties. The fascist party under Hitler gained power by abolishing the press, public meeting, trade unions, and eventually, all other political parties. They also secured their total dominance by orchestrating violence to eliminate political enemies with the  Sturmabteilung and lat er, the Schutzstaffel. Similarly, Mussolini used the Squadristi to attack his political enemies, the Catholics and the socialists, in order to secure fascist supremacy and make Italy a one-party dictatorship. Both the German and the Italian fascist regimes dominated business. In Italy, Mussolini lent money to many Italian businesses and acquired power in key industries such as steel, shipping, machinery, and electricity. Meanwhile, in Germany, Hitler’s fascist government controlled industry, agriculture, and education. Newspaper and radio broadcasts were operated under strict censorship. In addition, both the German fascist regime and the Italian fascist regime strictly advocated nationalism, militarism, and institutionalized violence. One of the most important characteristics of the fascist regimes of Germany and Italy was nationalism. Nationalism spawned the idea of racial superiority, especially to Germany, and brought about territorial expansion and rearmament. The idea of territorial expansion stimulated militarism in both Germany and Italy. In Germany, Hitler’s three goals, Lebensraum, rearmament, and economic recovery became the basis of his new foreign policy. Lebensraum, or living space, was Hitler’s idea that superior nations had the right to conquer and expand into the territories of inferior states. Lebensraum brought about rearmament, and in 1935, Hitler publicly announced that Germany was rearming. The third phase of Hitler’s foreign policy was economic recovery, which was directly linked to Lebensraum and rearmament, because not only did assembling weapons improve Germany’s economy, but also the Balkan countries that Hitler annexed produced consumer goods for them. Similarly, in Italy, Mussolini was also rearming and targeting many weaker countries for his expansionist aims. In October 1936, the two fascist nations formed the Rome-Berlin Axis. Then, in May 1939, Germany and Italy agreed to offer each other military support both offensively and defensively by signing the Pact of Steel. Another act introduced by Hitler was the creation of Nazi controlled-organizations such as Hitler Youth, which taught German boys and girls between 10 and 18 to uphold his fascist values. However, the most unforgettable acts were his Nuremberg Laws, which deprived Jews of their  citizenship and forbade them from marriage. Then, on November 9, 1938, 20,000 to 30,00 Jews were sent to concentration camps and the night became known as Kristallnacht, or the â€Å"night of broken glass†.

What is meant by fiscal policy

What is meant by fiscal policy Economy is the sum total economic resources of a certain region which enable it to provide services and goods to its inhabitants. These resources may include: infrastructure, land, trade, labor, manufactured goods, capital, and medicine among others. Global Economy thus can be seen as the sum total of the world human and physical resources that enhance survival of its inhabitants.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What is meant by fiscal policy? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this century every country in the continent has seen an economic recession which basically affects the livelihoods of the people for instance increased food prices. This is one the reasons why countries develop policies that may enable them improve their economy. Policies such as fiscal policy, sustainable food production, green cities and sustainable housing for city dwellers have been developed. Michl (54) defines Fiscal policy as, â€Å"t he use of government expenditure and revenue collection (taxation) to influence the economy.† According to Dwivedi instruments of fiscal policy include the following, â€Å"Surplus budgeting, Government expenditure, Taxation, and Public borrowing (602). These instruments may have different effects on the economy.† For instance, surplus budgeting means reducing the government expenditure slightly below the revenue thus creating surplus. On the other hand government expenditure is the allocation of revenue to various areas of the economy for example education and health. Taxation is the collection of money from the citizens directly or indirectly in which they don’t expect direct returns and public borrowing is borrowing in the form of loans either from the public or external sources. The above instruments are adjusted in order to create a desired effect on the economy; as an illustration if the government increases expenditure in infrastructure development it expe cts that in the long run it will attract investors which in return create jobs and revenue in form of taxation. Depending on the economic state of a nation, the policy makers adjust each of the fiscal policy instruments so as to focus on the desired outcome. How fiscal policy can be used to aggregate demand An expansionary fiscal policy tends to increase the amount of liquid income that citizens have hence improving the purchasing power which implies more money will be disposed to the economy. According to Reuters (4), â€Å"The aggregate demand will increase and thus reduce the deflation gap which may be caused by growth or unemployment.† The figure below shows a the effect of fiscal policy on aggregate demand;Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aggregate demand is dictated by investors and consumers of such goods and services from the investments. This means that the fiscal policy adopted mainly tends to increase the desire for investors to invest and the available market to have the power to purchase. Fiscal policy has a short term positive effect but on the long term if it is not checked it may cause undesired effects. How effective is the fiscal policy? Is a question that needs to be carefully studied if economies will have to continue using this policy as a measure to react to economic recession. Thomas R. Michl (81) notes that, â€Å"fiscal policy were unlikely to succeed in combating unemployment because the jobs gained through the government spending would be cancelled out by jobs lost in the investment goods industries by crowding out.† Thus fiscal policy may not be the best tool to use when economic recession is caused by natural economic factors. It is rather better to let the factors that contribute to the economy to regulate themselves naturally. For example, consumption may be affected by inflation by making consume rs avoid unnecessary purchases and the desire to create more wealth thus having a positive effect on both investment and consumption which are the key instruments on aggregate demand. Furthermore, increasing taxation may not affect consumption because the goods in which taxation may be imposed may be a necessity whose consumption must remain the same. For example increasing the cost of transportation may not be affected by taxation as much because it is a necessity in wealth creation. Another undesired effect arises from the increase in government spending without increasing taxes; this might lead to a recession and undesired deflationary gap. Australian budget The following is the fiscal policy stance of the Australian government for the financial year 2010-2011. According to Australian Government Website, â€Å"The Australian government budget website describes the government’s fiscal stance to comprise of: achievable budget surpluses, on average, over the medium term, kee p taxation as a share of GDP below the level for 2007-08 (23.5 per cent of GDP), on average, and improve the Government’s net financial worth over the medium term.† According to Marc (55), â€Å"The government will further allow the tax receipts to recover naturally as the economy improves and hold growth in spending to 2 percent a year until the budget returns to surplus.†Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What is meant by fiscal policy? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The government puts into consideration any physical calamities that may occur so as to mitigate its effects on the budget as fast as possible. The table below shows budget aggregates and their projections. According to a research done by the Melbourne Institute the Australian (8), â€Å"Inflation pressure is rising.† The report indicates that ‘inflation rates increased from 3.2 percent to 4.5 percent in the months of March and April respectively.’ As an assertion to the research report, Michael Chua, a research fellow at the Melbourne Institute said, This months report indicates inflation pressure is mounting after a relatively stable period. (8) This implies that the fiscal stance may have not been achieved as much in terms of inflation control. Australian inflationary measures The Australian high dollar rate has seen the mining industry gain whereas other areas of the economy like tourism and local imports have been affected negatively. Thus inflation has been experienced. The government though optimistic, has fears of the return of economic recession in America and the Europe. The current inflation pressures on the Australian government can be mitigated by disaster preparedness as one of the major effects of inflation. The Australian consumer is also expected to reduce expenditure so as to create a balance thus combat inflation. The Reserve Bank of Australia (9) said that, â€Å"It re mained concerned about the outlook for domestic inflation and said it was too soon to know if demand would soften enough to restrain price pressures over time.† It also expressed its fears on the ‘unsettled global financial markets.’ The Australian government put in place a fiscal policy for the financial year 2010-2011; was the policy the most appropriate? According to the Australian, â€Å"these fiscal rules mean we are on track to return the budget to surplus.† The country expected to go back on track and achieve a 2 percent surplus on its budget. So far the government can only brag about a 1 percent surplus. This means that despite the government not hitting on its minimum target, it has brought back a surplus budget after the global economic recession.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The gains made are attributed to the tough spending measures the government imposed in its fiscal policy. The government further intends to retain the strict measures, which it argues will help it deliver a surplus within three years of the deficit peaking as a share of the economy. It further argues that this will be a smaller duration as compared to the four years it used in the 1980’s. Overall, the economy has improved slightly which may be attributed to the strong Australian dollar which has improved revenue from the mining industry. Michl (66) argues that â€Å"High interest rates discouraged the consumers from borrowing consequently less expenditures.† In one way or the other the government has achieved its goals; however, there are no air tight policies. The negative effects are the failure to mitigate inflation which is a major dissatisfaction on the citizens. In conclusion, fiscal policy is the control of government expenditures against taxation. There are fou r major instruments for implementing fiscal policy that include the following according to Michl (5), â€Å"Surplus budgeting, Government expenditure, Taxation, and Public borrowing.† Each of these instruments can be controlled in a particular way so as to achieve the expected results. The government would reduce tax rate thus it will enhance compliance and collect more taxes, increase the lending rate thus reduce purchasing power, reduce government expenditure which may cause unemployment or reduce public borrowing hence reducing the national debt margin. The fiscal policy adapted by the Australian government seems to have worked mainly through the stringent rules imposed on the stimulus package. Australian Government Website. budget.gov.au, 2010. Web. Australian Government Website, Geoffrey. Business with The Wall Street Journal. theaustralian.com.au/business, 2011. Retrieved Dwivedi, D N. Macroeconomics: Theory and Practice. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill, 2010. Print. Marc, Robinson. Medium Term Fiscal Policy Issues and Challenges in Australia, Melbourne: Queensland U of T, 2001. Print Michl, Thomas R. Macroeconomic Theory: a Short Course. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2002. Print. Reuters, CNBC First in Business World Wide. cnbc.com, 2011. Web.

Elagabalus - Roman Emperor

Elagabalus - Roman Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus aka Emperor Elagabulus Dates: Born - c. 203/204; Reigned - May 15,218 - March 11, 222. Name: Birth - Varius Avitus Bassianus; Imperial - Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus Family: Parents - Sextus Varius Marcellus and Julia Soaemias Bassiana; Cousin and successor - Alexander Severus Ancient Sources on Elagabalus: Cassius Dio, Herodian, and Historia Augusta. Elagabalus Ranked Among the Very Worst Emperors At the same time, he will learn of the Romans discernment, in that these last [Augustus, Trajan, Vespasian, Hadrian, Pius, Titus and Marcus] ruled long and died by natural deaths, whereas the former [Caligula, Nero, Vitellius and Elagabalus] were murdered, dragged through the streets, officially called tyrants, and no man wishes to mention even their names.Aelius Lampridius The Life of Antoninus Heliogabalus The life of Elagabalus Antoninus, also called Varius, I should never have put in writing - hoping that it might not be known that he was emperor of the Romans -, were it not that before him this same imperial office had had a Caligula, a Nero, and a Vitellius. Elagabalus' Predecessor Caracalla's Mixed Evaluation An emperor with mixed reviews, Elagabalus cousin Caracalla (April 4, 188 - April 8, 217) ruled for only 5 years. During this time he caused the murder of his co-ruler, his brother Geta, and his supporters, raised the pay for soldiers, waged campaigns in the East where Macrinius was to have him assassinated, and implemented the (Constitutio Antoniniana Antonine Constitution). The Antonine Constitution was named for Caracalla, whose imperial name was Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus Augustus. It extended Roman citizenship throughout the Roman Empire. Macrinus Easily Rises to the Imperial Purple Caracalla had appointed Macrinius to the influential position of praetorian prefect. Because of this lofty position, three days after Caracallas murder, Macrinius, a man without senatorial rank, was powerful enough to compel the troops to proclaim him emperor. Less competent as military leader and emperor than his predecessor, Macrinius suffered losses in the East and wound up making settlements with the Parthians, Armenians, and the Dacians. Defeats and Macrinius introduction of a two-tiered pay for soldiers made him unpopular with the soldiers. Enduring Ambitions of Caracalla's Mother Caracallas mother had been Julia Domna of Emesa, Syria, second wife of the emperor Septimius Severus. She had conceived the idea of propelling her great-nephew to the throne, but ill health prevented her involvement. The grandson of her sister Julia Maesa (who shared the family ambitious streak) was Varius Avitus Bassianus who would soon be known as Elagabalus. Sensationalist Biographers of Elagabalus Sir Ronald Syme calls one of the biographies of the time, Aelius Lampridius The Life of Antoninus Heliogabalus, a farago of cheap pornography.* One of the contentions made by Lampridius is that Julia Symiamira (Soaemias), Julia Maesas daughter, had made no secret of her liaison with Caracalla. In the year 218, Varius Avitus Bassianus was performing the hereditary family function of high priest of the sun god whose worship was popular with the troops. A family resemblance to Caracalla probably led them to believe Varius Avitus Bassianus (Elagabalus) the illegitimate son of the more popular emperor Caracalla. The artful Maesa saw and cherished their rising partiality, and readily sacrificing her daughters reputation to the fortune of her grandson, she insinuated that Bassianus was the natural son of their murdered sovereign. The sums distributed by her emissaries with a lavish hand silenced every objection, and the profusion sufficiently proved the affinity, or at least the resemblance, of Bassianus with the great original.Edward Gibbon Follies of Elagabalus Elagabalus Becomes Emperor at 14 One of the legions near their family hometown proclaimed Elagabalus emperor, naming him Marcus Aurelius Antoninus on May 15, 218. Other legions joined the cause. Meanwhile, still other troops rallied to defend Macrinius. On June 8 (see DIR Macrinus) Elagabalus faction won in battle. The new emperor was only 14-years-old. Elagabalus Discussion in the Forum *I dont remember the source of that Syme quote. It is referred to on The Toynbee Convector. Origin of the Name Elagabalus As emperor, Varius Avitus became known by the Latinized version of the name of his Syrian god El-Gabal. Elagabalus also established El-Gabal as the principal god of the Roman Empire. Elagabalus Alienated the the Roman Senators He further alienated Rome by taking honors and powers upon himself before they had been awarded him including substituting his name for that of Macrinius as consul. In both the message to the senate and the letter to the people he styled himself emperor and Caesar, the son of Antoninus, the grandson of Severus, Pius, Felix, Augustus, proconsul, and holder of the tribunician power, assuming these titles before they had been voted, and he used, not the name of Avitus, but that of his pretended father, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the notebooks of the soldiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for Macrinus . . . . . . . Caesar . . . . . . . . . to the Pretorians and to the Alban legionaries who were in Italy he wrote . . . . . and that he was consul and high priest (?) . . . and the . . . . . . Marius Censorinus . . leadership . . read . . . of Macrinus . . . . . . . himself, as if not sufficiently by his own voice able to make public . . . . the letters of Sardanapalus to be read . . . by (?) Claudius Pollio, whom he had enrolled among the ex-consuls, and commanded that it anyone resisted him, he should call on the soldiers for assist ance; Dio Cassius LXXX Sexual Charges Herodian, Dio Cassius, Aelius Lampridius and Gibbon have written about Elagabalus femininity, bisexuality, transvestism, and forcing a vestal virgin to break vows that were so solemn any virgin found to have violated them was buried alive. He appears to have worked as a prostitute and may have sought the original transgendering operation. If so, he didnt succeed. When he tried to become a gallus, he was convinced to undergo circumcision, instead. To us the difference is immense, but to Roman men, both were humiliating. Evaluating Elagabalus Although Elagabalus killed many of his political enemies, especially supporters of Macrinius, he wasnt a sadist who tortured and put an inordinate number of people to death. He was: an attractive, hormonally-charged teen with absolute power,the high priest of an exotic god anda Roman emperor from Syria who imposed his eastern customs on Rome. Rome Needed a Universal Religion J.B. Bury believes that with the universal citizenship grant of Caracalla, a universal religion was necessary. With all his unashamed enthusiasm, Elagabalus was not the man to establish a religion; he had not the qualities of a Constantine or yet of a Julian; and his enterprise would perhaps have met with little success even if his authority had not been annulled by his idiosyncrasies. The Invincible Sun, if he was to be worshipped as a sun of righteousness, was not happily recommended by the acts of his Invincible Priest.J.B. Bury Assassination of Elagabalus Ultimately, like most of the emperors of the period, Elagabalus and his mother were killed by his soldiers, after less than four years in power. DIR says his body was dumped in the Tiber and his memory was erased (Damnatio memoriae). He was 17. His first cousin Alexander Severus, also from Emesa, Syria, succeeded him.

Case Analysis-Milton Manufacturing Company Study

Analysis-Milton Manufacturing Company - Case Study Example Issues at Milton Manufacturing Company Companies that face issues must identify them in order to evaluate its effects and to find solutions to resolve the problems. The managers of the company are directly responsible for the performance of the employees and the company as a whole. Resolving problems can help improve the productivity, efficiency, and profitability of a company. Milton Manufacturing Company faces three types of problems. The three types of problems present at the firm are accounting, operational, and ethical issues. The accounting department is responsible for recording, tracking, and monitoring the economic activity of a firm (McGuckin). It is of the utmost importance for accountants to comply with the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and to maintain a high level of ethical conduct by the professionals that practice accounting. The first financial problem that the company faces is that its revenues decreased by 10% in comparison with the previous year. Lower sales results hurt the bottom line of the company by lowering its profitability. Another issue with lower sales is that it can deplete the cash reserves of a firm. A second accounting issue was that the capital expenditures of the company were increasing at a rate of 26%. A third accounting issue Milton Manufacturing Company faced was a reduction in its cash flow position. ... Lower sales results hurt the bottom line of the company by lowering its profitability. Another issue with lower sales is that it can deplete the cash reserves of a firm. A second accounting issue was that the capital expenditures of the company were increasing at a rate of 26%. A third accounting issue Milton Manufacturing Company faced was a reduction in its cash flow position. Cash is the most important assets a company holds because it is used to pay for the short and long term obligations of the company which include payments of payroll, utilities, and debt. The cash flow from operating activities of the company decreased from $1,925,000 to $1,722,000. The firm’s cash outflow from investing activities increased from $1,834,000 to $2,244,000. The only positive activity in the statement of cash flows is that cash from investing activities received an inflow of $168,000 instead of the outflow the firm had the previous year of $376,000. The cash position of the company was ext remely important due to the fact that the company was in the process of obtaining a $20 million loan from Second Bankers Hour & Trust Co. Ann Plokin determined that if the company keeps spending at its current pace it would not be able to pay for the $20 million loan. In order to remedy the situation she implemented a control measure to limit the capital expenditures of the different plants to the 2009 level of expenditures. Milton Manufacturing Company also faced production problems. One of its plant managers, Sammie Markowitz, identified a major operational deficiency in the machinery and equipment of the firm. He notified the problem to the VP of operations. The problem he identified was

The expansion and settlement of the U.S Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The expansion and settlement of the U.S - Essay Example itiated the greatest sustenance mainly from Democrats especially northern states, through which the Democratic newspaper addressed an ultimate dream of widening philosophies of the U.S through no forceful and no brutal ways (Huntington). Congress and the slavery act was another reason that the US expanded. When the congress failed to pass a bill against slavery people fled in search for new territories. People fled to Kansas-Nebraska to make the positions pro or anti-slavery. Gold is a rich resource for a long time maintained the precious state. The discovery of gold in California and Klondike became a reason for people to settle in those areas in search for jobs and better lives. In addition, the completion of transcontinental Railroad 1869 as decreed by the government was another facilitator of expansion (Huntington). The ability to transport goods and people for a longer distance convinced citizens to settle wherever they wanted. People’s perception and how they have portrayed the US, has shaped the nation’s development in terms of population. Many songwriters, book authors, artists, influential leaders have painted America to be a nation flowing with milk and honey. A painting entitled American Progress has for a long time been an inspiration to most Americans and revealed the real picture of American development and expansion (Huntington). Most immigrants to the US have that thought in mind as they move to settle in the US. Among other reasons, American-Mexican war, acquisition of Hawaii and Alaska mid-19th century, French war and the Oregon Trail Dispute among many other

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 10

Assignment Example In essence, meditation plays a crucial role in this religion and with this; many people have embraced different methods of meditation. Meditation The purpose of meditation is to still the brain, relax the body, and boost concentration. Many of the skills learnt in meditation produces an understanding that this practice focuses on the notion of the mind. Meditation develops the mental ability of developing love and kindness for the self and others. In other words, meditation sweetens the mind. There major types of meditation include the following. Tranquillity Meditation (Samatha) The main purpose of Tranquillity or Samatha meditation is to still the brain and improve its concentration. This meditation helps an individual to develop through four stages. These include detachment from sorrow and suffering and embracing the consciousness of joy and happiness, having logic reasoning in life, pure thoughts, and embracing virtues that promote the well-being of people. Insight Meditation/Vip assana Insight meditation helps an individual to realize important truths of life. A person who practices this meditation hopes to embrace the truths of suffering, impermanence, and no-self. The practice of this meditation concentrates on improving the mind. The most methods prescribed to develop a sober mindfulness are walking, sitting, and mindfulness of daily activities. Walking mindfulness is often practiced in retreats and monasteries, especially in regions such as Theravada. Gaining this mindfulness requires one to find a quiet place, takes some time to relax, and attempts to concentrate on the sensations and movements of walking. This practice brings an individual closer to the insight of understanding the fundamental truths of impermanence and no-self. Sitting Meditation is very similar to walking meditation. However, the focus of this meditation is on the breadth instead of walking. A person practising this meditation focuses the breath and its observation. The ultimate goa l of this practice is to enhance truth on no-self, impermanence, and suffering. Mindfulness of Everyday Activities emphasizes more on the skills learned in sitting and walking. This mindfulness helps an individual to participate fully in everything he or she does (Religion Facts, 2013). Loving-Kindness Meditation/ Metta Bhavana Loving and kindness are important virtues of Buddhism and this meditation is a way of obtaining and developing these virtues. The purpose of this meditation is to develop the mental component of having love for the self and others. The practitioner evokes the feelings of love and kindness to those around him. Still, he or she radiates feelings of unconditional love and acceptance. This meditation helps people to live in harmony with one another. As people learn to love one another, it brings forth unity, joy, happiness, and peace in the society. This meditation also helps people to be kind with one another regardless of the cultural, ethnicity, or race differ ences. Discursive Meditations A successful participation of this meditation helps one to elevate the mind and cultivate awesome and wholesome feelings. A poem, a hymn, or a passage from Dhamma or any inspiring literature can create these feelings. Most Buddhists set aside a few minutes to study and reflect upon an inspiring teaching. This allows one to reflect upon human values, dignity, and integrity. Countries where Meditation Rites are Practiced According to Religion Facts (2013), Japan and China largely

Implementing Guidelines for Pediatric Tonsillectomies

Implementing Guidelines for Pediatric Tonsillectomies Practice Paper: Implementing Quality Based Procedures  Guidelines for Pediatric Tonsillectomies at Credit Valley Hospital Kathryn DePass Trillium Health Partners, encompassing three sites- Credit Valley Hospital, Mississauga Hospital, and Queensway Health Centre, claims their hospitals are leading with outstanding performance, fiscal responsibility, and quality patient care (Trillium Health Partners, n.d.). With the emergence of the Health System Funding Reform in 2012, drastic changes were made to hospital funding. In particular, to promote innovative and evidenced-based practice, thirty percent of hospitals overall funding was allocated towards Quality Based Procedures (QBP) (Provincial Council for Maternal and Child Heath Ministry of Health and Long Term Care, 2013). QBPs are specific clusters of patient services that offer opportunities for healthcare providers to perform services based on best practice. It is suggested that when organizations adopt clinical evidenced-informed practices, quality patient care will flourish, while also increasing system efficiencies and decreasing costs (Ontario Health Association, 2013). One of the procedures covered under QBPs is Pediatric Tonsillectomy, with or without Adenoidectomy. The Quality-Based Procedures Clinical Handbook for Paediatric Tonsillectomy with and without Adenoidectomy (2013) articulates the specific evidence-based components of care that should be provided for these patients from pre- to post-operation. The Director of Women and Childrens Health indicates that practice variation, lack of standardization, lack of evidenced-based practices, and physician resistance all contribute to the organizations inability to enact QBP standards for this procedure since it was issued in 2014. Specifically, no standardized pre-screening tool exists to assess for complications prior to surgery. In particular, children are neither assessed nor properly diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using a sleep study, the gold standard. This assessment, however, is vital since OSAS patients have a high risk of postoperative respiratory complications (Le ong Davis, 2007). On the day of surgery, it is not standard that patients receive a pre-operative acetaminophen loading dose for prophylactic pain management. Some anesthesiologists vocalize their discomfort with administering acetaminophen rectally, while others are not aware of the significant impact of this administration on post-operative pain management. The American Academy of Otolaryngology Clinical Practice Guideline for Tonsillectomy in Children states that rectal administration is better tolerated than oral administration and is the most effective in reducing pain and opioid requirements following surgery (Baugh et al, 2011). In addition, children with adequate acetaminophen analgesia have less post-operative nausea and vomiting. Both the Director and Educator of Pediatrics argue that physician resistance has been a significant barrier to implement QBP standards (Cathie Boudeau, personal communication, April 27, 2015). Nonetheless, both the surgical and pediatric nurses have disclosed that they look forward to changes that encourage standardization and quality patient care. The Educator has explained that she has already began drafting a post-operative standardized PPO form, which has, surprisingly, gained significant approval by physicians. Therefore, the Educator has requested the writer focus on standardizing the pre-operative experience. Currently, patients and families receive a Pre-Operative Information Sheet. The Educator has noted, however, that this form does not align with QBP advisement. In addition, families have vocalized that the sheet should be more comprehensive and visually appealing. In addition, a standardized pre-assessment form to screen for complications needs to drafted. Changing behaviour in regards to administration of pre-operative acetaminophen will also be considered in this project. The Quality-Based Procedures Clinical Handbook for Paediatric Tonsillectomy with and without Adenoidectomy (2013) will be used as the reference to create a Pre-Operative Information Sheet for families and patients, as well as a pre-assessment checklist to screen for complications. In order to encourage adoption of all new changes and to change behaviour, knowledge of change management is imperative. Therefore, a literature review was conducted to guide the implementation of this project. Inclusion criteria parameters for the literature search included the years 1995 to 2015. Search terms included organizational change, management of change, and change management. Databases used were MEDLINE, PubMed, and CINAHL. Many articles were retrieved (about 300 hits). The search was then narrowed to focus on health care and hospitals. Roughly 145 articles were reviewed. Empirical studies were assessed for clarity of methodology, peer review, and external evaluation. Finally, the number of articles was narrowed down to 45, which met the specific criteria for change management in health care. Change management literature draws from a wide range of disciplines, as well as theoretical and organizational perspectives, such as psychology, sociology, business policy, and social policy, creating a complex and robust body of evidence which is challenging to appraise and synthesize. Furthermore, the literature contains numerous and varying frameworks, models, evidence, and illustrations; that may describe, analyze, guide, approach, and test initiatives, programmes, and tools for change. There are no frameworks or models of change unique to healthcare organizations although several models are conducive to change efforts in these areas. Therefore, the literature that was reviewed focused on dominant change management models that are often applied to health care organizations. Furthermore, some models are used primarily for higher levels of leadership. For the purpose of this project, literature focusing on micro-level processes was selected. Case studies, surveys, and pilot studies are the most common methodologies in change management literature. While these methodologies are considered low on the evidence hierarchy, due to the limited ability to control subjects in healthcare, these methodologies do seem the most realistic and accessible means of implementing and evaluating change. Within the literature, one of the most influential perspectives of change management originates from the planned approach created by Lewin in 1951, which argues that change occurs in three progressive stages: unfreezing current behaviour, moving to the new behaviour, and refreezing the new behaviour (Elrod Tippett, 2002). For many years this three-step model has been the dominant approach to organizational change. Critics argue, however, that planned theories are based on the assumption that organizations act under constant conditions that can be controlled and planned for. As a consequence, an alternative approach, namely an emergent approach was developed. This approach considers change to occur so rapidly and unpredictably that it cannot be managed from the top down. Instead, it is argued that change is a process of learning, whereby the organization responds to both internal and external changes (Barnard Stoll, 2010). This approach speaks to the concepts of change readiness and facilitation of change which are viewed as superior to the planned approach with specific pre-planned steps for change initiatives (Todnem, 2005). Nonetheless, emergent approaches do suggest that a sequence of actions should be enacted to increase the likelihood of change being successful (Luecke, 2003). Emergent theories assume that in order to respond to change, managers of change have to have possess a in-depth understanding of the organization, its structures, strategies, people and culture. With this understanding, managers of change are able identify the most appropriate approach to change while recognizing possible facilitators and barriers (Burnes, 1996) The literature argues that while these two approaches are often cited to be polar opposites, it is important to note that they are theoretical approaches. Therefore, the best strategy for organizations to manage change is to utilize both these approaches, in the form of frameworks or models that best meets the particular needs of the organization (Burnes, 2004). When the variety of frameworks, models, and approaches to change management are applied to health care organizations, common trends emerge. These trends include environmental circumstances, organizational harmony, power dynamics, organizational capacity, nature of change, and process of change (Antwi Kale, 2014). Environmental circumstances include the external conditions to the organization that forces change, such as increased competition and technological innovation (Lau, 1999). Organizational harmony illustrates an agreement among individuals and units within the organization. All members should have congruent missions and visions and be working collaboratively towards the same goal. Further, overall organizational plans, processes, and goals should also be compatible (Antwi Kale, 2014). Power dynamics refers to the hierarchy of influence within an organization. Understanding which individuals can influence the change process is important. Change leaders should have buy-in from these individuals before undertaking a change initiative; this will increase likelihood for success (Mitchell, 2013). Organizational capacity indicates that the organization has the necessary human and financial resources to undergo change. Moreover, it is essential that the necessary skill sets and knowledge be present to allow change to occur (Bazzoli, Dynan, Burns, Yap, 2004). Nature of change refers to the rationale behind a change initiative. Change initiatives must consider an organizations external and internal situation. Furthermore, ample evidence must be available to justify that a proposed plan for change has the ability to solve a presented problem (Antwi Kale, 2014). Finally, process for change is the actual step-by-step approach to implement a change. Change leaders must make certain that these steps are agreed upon by all stakeholders and evidenced to create the desired change (Antwi Kale, 2014). The Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (CHSRF)s Evidence Informed Change Management Approach was chosen to be the main model to guide the project as it contains all of the mentioned concepts. In addition, it is structured around specifically targeting the needs of Canadian healthcare organizations and outlines change as it pertains to micro level contexts. The approach presents a practical model for change management and contains four stages: planning, implementing, spreading, and sustaining change (CHSRF, 2012). The planning stage of change involves understanding the context and influential forces of change while determining the organization ability or readiness to change. To understand the context, change managers must determine which steps and people need to be involved to implement change and garner support. Readiness and capacity for change is determined by assessing all individuals at any level of the organization and considering how they will be affected by the chang e. Furthermore, the capacity for the organization, for example, financially, to undergo change, needs to assessed. After the planning stage, change agents can implement change by executing their planned approach. Spreading change entails promoting change beyond its initial context and influencing the culture to introduce new customs, traditions, and ways of practicing. Lastly, sustaining change entails surveying and modifying the change process as practical experience is gained over the course of implementation. The literature also emphasizes that the key to successful change management is strong leadership. Gill (2002) explains that effective change leaders are able to frame the change in terms of results for all involved. Further, change leaders foster and create environments that allow people to experiment with new ways of practicing. This coincides with the Leadership Competency from the Canadian Nurses Associations Advanced Nursing Practice National Framework (2008). Learning about a patients experience and collaborating with other interprofessional disciplines assisted in identifying gaps in care, specifically the lack of adoption of QBP standards for Pediatric Tonsillectomies, resulting in practice that is not evidence-based and negatively impacts patient care delivery. In addition, while changing practice has been attempted in the past, the application of knowledge learned from the competition of a literature review on change management and discovery of an influential model on change , the writer can be successful in enacting a new and effective means of practicing, ultimately improving patient care. Also, the specific nature of this projects focus, to ensure QBP standards are followed, which promotes advocating for system efficiency, quality patient care, and low cost, aligns with the leadership competency of understanding and integrating the principles of resource allocation and cost-effectiveness in all levels of decision-making (CNA, 2008). Literature on change management is diverse and robust, with applicability to health care organizations. In this literature, it is apparent that in order to manage change specifically in healthcare, a model or approach needs to be selected to address an organizations specific needs and current issues. Understanding the organization as a whole and the people within it is an imperative and first step in planning change. Collaborative work among change managers and targets of change will ensure readiness for change, ease of implementation, and sustainability (World Health Organization, 2010). In addition, strong leadership is a significant component of organizational change, laying the foundation to support the change through its continuum. Utilizing these concepts and knowledge will be imperative in guiding the implementation of QBP Standards for Pediatric Tonsillectomies with and without Adenoidectomies at Credit Valley Hospital. References Antwi, M. Kale, M. (2014). Change Management in Healthcare. Queens School of Business.  Retrieved from http://business.queensu.ca Barnard, M. Stoll, N. (2010). Organizational Change Management: A rapid literature review. Centre for Understanding Behavioural Change. Retrieved from http://www.bristol.ac.uk/media-library/sites/cubec/migrated/documents/pr1.pdf Bazzoli, G., Dynan, L., Burns, L. Yap, C. (2004). Two Decades of Organizational Change in Health Care: What Have we Learned? Medical Care Research and Review, 61(3). doi: 10.1177/1077558704266818 Baugh, R., Archer, S., Mitchell, R., Rosenfeld, R., Amin, R., Burns, J., Patel, M. (2011). Clinical practice guideline: Tonsillectomy in children. Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, 144(1),p 30. Burnes, B. (2004). Emergency change and planned change- competitors or allies? The case of XYZ construction. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 24(9), p 886-902 Burnes, B. (1996) No such thing as a â€Å"one best way† to manage organizational change. Management Decision, 34(10), p 11-18 Canadian Health Services Research Foundation. (2012). Evidence-Informed Change Management in Canadian Healthcare Organizations. Retrieved from http://www.cfhi fcass.ca/Libraries/Commissioned_Research_Reports/Dickson-EN.sflb.ashx Canadian Nurses Association. (2008). Advanced Nursing Practice: A National Framework. Ottawa, Canada : Canadian Nurses Association Elrod, P. Tippett, D. (2002). The death valley of change. Journal of Organizational Change  Management, 3. p 273-291 Gill, R. (2002) Change management- or change leadership? Journal of change management,  3(4), p 307- 318. Lau, A. (1999). Making sense of contemporary strategic implementation: towards a conceptual  model. Public Administration Management, 4(4), p 494-507 Leong, A., Davis, J. (2007). Morbidity after adenotonsillectomy for paediatric obstructive  sleep apnea syndrome: waking up to a pragmatic approach. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology, 121, 809-817 Luecke, R. (2003). Managing Change and Transition . Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press  Mitchell, G. (2013). Selecting the best theory to implement planned change. Nursing  Management, 20(1). Ontario Hospital Association. (2004). Toolkit to Support the Implementation of Quality-Based  Procedures. Retrieved from https://www.oha.com/KnowledgeCentre/Library/Toolkits/Documents/OHA_QBProcedur es_toolkit_FNL.pdf Provincial Council for Maternal and Child Heath Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. (2013). Quality-Based Procedures Clinical Handbook for Paediatric Tonsillectomy with and without Adenoidectomy. Retrieved from www.health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/ecfa/docs/qbp_tonsil.pdf Todnem, R. (2005). Organizational Change Management: A Critical Review. Journal of Change Management,5(4), p 369-380. Trillium Health Partners. (n.d.). Who We Are. Retrieved from  http://trilliumhealthpartners.ca/aboutus/Pages/Overview.aspx World Health Organization (2010). Framework for action on interprofessional education and  collaborative practice. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.  http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2010/WHO_HRH_HPN_10.3_eng.pdf

Potential Impact of Blogs on Communication Essays -- Internet Online C

The Potential Impact of Blogs on Communication The advent of weblogs as instruments of Web-based conversation shall surely increase the exchange of news-related and academic information; probably not to the extent that books or newspapers have, but certainly in an open and accessible way. Gradually as they gain in popularity, blogs shall transform the field of journalism from one of complacent reporting to a more competitive and less elitist industry. Motivated individuals, with the use of their personal blogs, shall weigh in on important and controversial topics related to politics and social issues. Similarly, separated networks of academics shall benefit from more convenient access in communicating their ideas across long distances, giving them greater opportunities to organize large collaborative projects. Although books and libraries shall continue to be the preferred and overwhelming choice of students, educators, and interested persons as a place for acquiring knowledge, weblogs, through the global network called the I nternet, shall bring people ever closer together to inform the general public and to exchange technical and academic ideas. The influence that blogging shall have on the news industry and on academia should, for the sake of objectivity, be placed in comparison with the advent of mechanized printing. Both these technologies (i.e. blogs and printing) have made general news coverage and advanced scholarship related to professional and academic disciplines more readily available than what was the case before their creation. Prior to the invention of moveable type and the printing press, only a small number of trained scribes and privileged aristocrats knew how to write. Books took painstaking effort ... ...ve understanding about the social and physical sciences shall be fostered by this new on-line forum. Works Cited Mumford, Lewis. "The Invention of the Printing Press." Communication in History : Technology, Culture, Society. Ed. Crowley, David and Paul Heyer. Pearson Education. pp. 93-97. Lasica, J.D. "Blogging as a Form of Journalism." We've Got Blog. Ed. Rodzvilla, John. USA: Perseus Publishing, 2002. 163-71. Pryor, Larry. "A Weblog sharpens journalism students' skills." Nieman Reports. Vol. 57, Iss. 3. pg. 97. Regan, Tom. "Weblogs threaten and inform traditional journalism." Nieman Reports. Vol. 57, Iss. 3: pg. 68. Reynolds, Glenn Harlan. "Weblogs and journalism: Back to the future?" Nieman Reports. Vol. 57, Iss. 3: pg. 81. Duke University. Center for Instructional Technology.

Political Poetry by Margaret Atwood

â€Å"Backdrop addresses cowboy† by Margaret Atwood Creating a masterful poetic movement through the American mythos, Atwood skewers â€Å"manifest destiny† by embodying the voice of the Other, the discarded â€Å"I am. † Writing political poetry that artfully confronts dominant ideology – thus exposing the motivation and effects of misrepresentation – is a difficult challenge. The process can easily be derailed by temptations to write strident, overly didactic verse that elevates sentiment above nuance and craft.While passion is certainly important, it is the poem itself that transforms political intent into a dynamic act of oppositional literature. To be effective as a statement, it must first be effective as a poem. In â€Å"Backdrop addresses cowboy,† Margaret Atwood delivers a scathing indictment of imperialist power that, through its elegant craft and conceptual framework, is also a breathtakingly vibrant poem. The core message, a poten t denunciation of reckless power from the perspective of those who suffer its consequences, is simultaneously unequivocal and oblique.Though Atwood’s indictment is readily apparent, close reading reveals a brilliant poetic foundation comprised of nuanced language, double-meanings, and a metaphorical structure that satirically lambasts American exceptionalism by skewering the individualist ‘cowboy' myth with imagery from its own construction. In short, Atwood's poem succeeds as a political statement because she allows the demands of exceptional poetry to drive its articulation. From the outset, Atwood chooses language that economically expands the meaning of each phrase.For example, â€Å"Starspangled,† the poem’s first word, focuses a personification of ‘cowboy mentality’ into a subtle critique of nationalist manipulation. In addition, other connotations come to mind, like â€Å"starry-eyed,† or the gaudiness of â€Å"spangles. † Even elements internal to the American anthem apply: bombs bursting, a nation under siege, victory against all odds. Though speculative, a reading like this is supported by the poem’s representation of a cowboy who violently protects his own interests in an imagined landscape filled with heroes and villains.Regarded as a heroic figure by the myth of manifest destiny, he is conversely seen as a reckless tyrant by those who suffer the effects of his violence. The first stanza reveals a comic figure – â€Å"Starspangled cowboy† sauntering through his child-like fantasy while pulling a prop from the Hollywood simulacrum that supports his myth. Atwood complicates this image in the second stanza when she introduces violence to her â€Å"almost- /silly† characterization of the mythical â€Å"West. Using a line break to accentuate the transition, she plays the impact of a stand-alone line against the expanded meaning of its grammatical context. Isolated, line s ix (â€Å"you are innocent as a bathtub†) relates directly to the opening stanza’s child-like caricature, forming an aphoristic trope that is both interesting and oddly mundane. Accentuated by the break, the line’s reading adds dramatic nuance when its sentence unfolds into a broader meaning: â€Å"you are innocent as a bathtub / filled with bullets. Contrasting the ironic character of opposed readings (innocent and not-at-all-innocent) within the space of shared words, Atwood foreshadows an overall conceptual structure in which â€Å"backdrop† refers both to the simulacrum of Hollywood sets and to the genuine environment of a beleaguered world. Despite its obvious quantitative reference, â€Å"bathtub / filled with bullets† also infers a Hollywood cliche – the bullet-riddled bathtub – that reinforces a theme inherent to the myth: if you’re not ready to fight, they’ll get you when you’re vulnerable.An inference l ike this reflects back on the subtle statement of the earlier use of â€Å"starspangled†: a nation that imagines itself as besieged can use that camouflage as justification for militarism and imperialist expansion. Again, supported by the poem, these significations demonstrate a complicated structure that works internal logic to frame an effective (and damning) political statement. Oppositions and Conceptual Structure This is a poem about power and disenfranchisement.It employs oppositions as a conceptual device to turn manifest destiny on its head. Exploding the cowboy myth by use of its own imagery and overarching theme of heroes and villains, Atwood draws complex parallels to American exceptionalism, a black and white ideology that drains color from alternative perspectives. By use of satire, she effectively removes the shroud that justifies questionable actions as being both inevitable and heroic. As stated in the title, the voice of this poem is that of â€Å"backdropâ €  (i. . the environment of scenes portrayed by the myth and recontextualized by the poem) addressing â€Å"cowboy. † The expanding focus on â€Å"cowboy† and his violent milieu reaches a pivot in the fifth stanza when the Hollywood backdrop is fully exposed, and the speaker finally reveals herself. Using the word â€Å"ought† (implying mandatory obligation), she questions her expected role on the set (passive, â€Å"hands clasped / in admiration†) while asserting, â€Å"I am elsewhere. Spoken as â€Å"backdrop,† and expanded in the final stanzas, this statement implies a conceptual flip wherein â€Å"backdrop† becomes subject, inhabiting an environment desecrated by the reckless actions of a transient â€Å"cowboy†. Simulacra In the essay â€Å"Simulacra and Simulation,† philosopher Jean Baudrillard states, â€Å"The simulacrum is never that which conceals the truth–it is the truth which conceals that there is none . The simulacrum is true. † While Baudrillard perhaps overstates his case, the point is clear: actions instigated and justified by myth play an undeniable role in shaping both material and social reality.Applying this concept to Atwood’s poem, manifest destiny can be seen acting as ‘truth’ in its own regard – concealing no truth, because instead it has replaced truth with artifice. Accordingly, â€Å"cowboy† becomes backdrop to the postmodern world from which Atwood addresses the genuine existence of other, more substantial truths conveniently denied by myth. The Alternative Power of Effective Verse As representation itself, replete with borrowed imagery and the detritus of experienced consequence, this poem enacts a self-reflexive reversal of the social forces it speaks against.With a vocabulary full of bullets, Atwood crafts a poem that stands the test of both ‘truth' and time – yet does so peacefully, through an act of oppositi onal literature. Whether her poem is construed as feminist, environmentalist, post-colonial, or just-plain-political (from a Canadian perspective), its verity is affirmed by continued relevance. Written in the mid-seventies, it speaks just as powerfully in our current era. In terms of effective poetics, how good is that?